Notes 9/7/10

• 1066- William the Conquerer defeats Harold in the Battle of Hastings
• Domesday Book kept records of everything that was in England at that time
• The "old heroes" (ex. Richard the Lionhearted) were from the Plantagenet House
• Futilism- country is split into baronies 
• New trade routes were developed through the Crusades
• Spanish Peninsula was under Islamic control
• English and French could fight in Spain instead of travelling to the Holy Land
• Constantinople and Alexandria are captured
• The knowledge of ancient times is now in Islamic hands (ex. writings of Aristotle)
• The Aristocracy spoke French until 1350
• English is a bastardized language
• Germanic in small verbs (ex. be, get, can)
• Our vocabulary is based in Old French and Latin
• Balliol, Bruce, Wallace (dominant Scottish families)
• Richard the 1st was defeated in the Crusades, and the Muslims recaptured Jerusalem
• Richard doesn't come back, and John stays king
• Treaty of Paris- Henry is forced to give up any English right to Nordic land
• He uses diplomacy (ex. Marries French)
• Intermarriage becomes normal among monarchs
• Marriage is a political tool
• During the reign of Henry the 3rd, "English-ness" occurs
• Edward I becomes king and helps the government take stride
• "Rebellions in Wales are testament to some Welshman's continuing struggle for independence."